associate
释义
To connect one thing with another in your mind
把……联系起来,联想
To spend time with a particular person or group, especially socially
(与某人)交往,来往
A person you work or do business with; a colleague or partner
同事,伙伴,合伙人
Joined with others but having a lower or partial rank or status
副的,准的(地位较低或非正式的)
词根拆分
词根派生as-(ad- 的变体,"朝向")+ soci(同伴)+ -ate(动词后缀)= "把某人拉到身边结为同伴"。这个核心意象分成动词"联系、交往"和名词"伙伴、同事"。形容词(associate professor 副教授、associate member 准会员)表示加入团体但处于次级或非完全的地位。
词根 soci 还连着 8 个词使用指南
词性不同,读音不同——动词词尾是完整元音 /əˈsəʊʃieɪt/("-ay-t"),名词和形容词弱化为 /əˈsəʊʃiət/("-ee-uht")。和 graduate、separate 是同一规律。
动词用法:associate A with B(associate smoking with disease 把吸烟和疾病联系起来);associate with someone = 和某人来往,常带贬义(don't associate with criminals 别和罪犯来往)。
语域:名词 associate 比 colleague、partner 更正式/商务,常见于商界和法律界(sales associate 销售员、legal associate 律所助理律师)。
例句
- 1.
Most people associate the color black with mourning.
大多数人把黑色和哀悼联系在一起。
- 2.
His parents warned him not to associate with that crowd.
他的父母警告他别和那帮人来往。
- 3.
She introduced me to a business associate of hers.
她把我介绍给了她的一位生意伙伴。
- 4.
He was recently promoted to associate professor.
他最近升任副教授。
易混词辨析
associate vs link/connect —— 三者都表示把两样东西连在一起,但 associate 多用于心理上(把某种气味和回忆联系起来)或社交上(和朋友来往),而 link、connect 更偏物理或逻辑上的连接(link 两台电脑、connect 管道)。如果发生在脑子里,优先用 associate。