bankrupt
释义
Declared by law to be unable to pay one's debts.
破产的,无力偿债的。
Completely lacking in a particular good quality.
(在某种好品质上)完全缺乏的,匮乏的。
To make a person or organization unable to pay their debts.
使破产。
A person who has been legally declared unable to pay their debts.
破产者。
词根拆分
词根派生源自意大利语 banca rotta =「折断的长凳」。中世纪放贷人在集市的长凳(banca)上做生意;一旦还不出钱,他的长凳就被当众砸断(rotta,来自 ruptus =「被破开的」),宣告他出局。折断的长凳变成了破裂的财务。注意:这里的 bank 就是放贷人的长凳,与「银行」的 bank 同源。
词根 rupt 还连着 11 个词为什么是这个意思
bankrupt 是英语里最有画面感的词之一。它经由意大利语而非直接来自拉丁语:banca rotta,集市放贷人还不出钱时那张「折断的长凳」。砸断长凳是一种公开的失败仪式。金融义扎根太深,以至我们现在还比喻性地说「道德破产」「思想破产」——某种品质彻底掏空,就像折断的长凳什么都托不住。
常用搭配
- 1.go bankrupt破产
- 2.declare bankrupt宣告破产
- 3.morally bankrupt道德破产
- 4.nearly bankrupt濒临破产
例句
- 1.
The airline went bankrupt after years of mounting losses.
这家航空公司在连年亏损后破产了。
- 2.
A single failed deal nearly bankrupted the whole company.
一笔失败的交易几乎让整个公司破产。
- 3.
Critics called the policy morally bankrupt.
批评者称这项政策道德破产。