dictate
UK/'dikteit/US
IELTSTOEFLGRE四级六级考研C1
释义
v.
To say words aloud for someone to write down or record
口授,口述
v.
To give orders with authority; to control or determine something
命令,发号施令;支配,决定
n.
An authoritative command or guiding principle (often plural: the dictates of)
指令,命令;(常作复数)支配性的要求
词根拆分
词根派生dict(说)+ -ate(做)=「做那个说的动作」。一支保持字面义——把话说出来让人记下(dictate a letter 口授信件)。另一支转向权威——当你说的话必须被服从,你就在 dictate(发号施令)。两者共享同一画面:别人必须记下或服从的话。
词根 dic 还连着 82 个词为什么是这个意思
注意它两个义项的干净分裂:dictate a letter 是说给人记;dictate to someone 是对人发号施令。纽带是「权威」——两种情况下,你的话都意在被原样接收,不容商量。
例句
- 1.
She dictated the letter while her assistant typed it out.
她口授信件,助理把内容打出来。
- 2.
You can't dictate how other people should live their lives.
你无权支配别人该怎么生活。
- 3.
Market demand often dictates the final price of a product.
市场需求往往决定一件产品的最终价格。
- 4.
We must follow the dictates of our conscience.
我们必须遵从良心的要求。