exemplary
UK/ig'zemplәri/US
TOEFLGREC2
释义
adj.
Extremely good and serving as a model worth imitating
堪为楷模的；模范的；典范的
adj.
(of punishment) severe and meant to warn others; deterrent
(指惩罚) 儆戒性的；以儆效尤的
词根拆分
词根派生exempl（来自 exemplum「范例、榜样」）+ -ary「充当…的」=「充当例子的」。多为褒义：exemplary conduct 好到应成为人人效仿的典范。但同样的逻辑在法律里转冷——exemplary damages / punishment 是「以儆效尤」的处罚，所以 exemplary 也能表示「儆戒性的、严厉的」。一个举起供仿效的榜样，一个举起不可效仿的警示。
词根 exempl 还连着 3 个词常用搭配
- 1.exemplary conduct模范行为
- 2.exemplary behavior典范行为
例句
- 1.
She received an award for her exemplary service to the community.
她因对社区的模范服务而获奖。
- 2.
The students' behavior on the trip was exemplary.
学生们在旅途中的表现堪称典范。
- 3.
The court imposed exemplary damages to deter similar misconduct.
法院判处惩戒性赔偿，以遏制类似的不当行为。