refer
释义
To mention or speak about someone or something.
提到;论及;说起
To consult a source for information.
查阅;参考
To direct someone to a different source, person, or institution for help.
转介;介绍(向另一专家或机构)
To describe or apply to.
指代;适用于
词根拆分
词根派生re-(回)+ fer(携带)= 「拿回去」。比喻:指回源头。你 refer to 一本书时,把注意力拿回到它;医生 refer 一位病人时,病人被拿回到更合适的提供者;脚注 reference 一项研究时,读者被送回去核实。
词根 fer 还连着 93 个词为什么是这个意思
refer 是 fer 家族中最具「方向感」的动词——每种用法都涉及指回某物。四个义项被「送回」统一起来:1) 提及把听者送回话题;2) 查阅把你送回来源;3) 转介把人送到另一资源;4) 适用描述一个词「指回」什么。常见习语:X refers to Y——X 指回 Y。refer 这个动作本质上就是指向。
使用指南
- 提及:He referred to the meeting yesterday — 提到
- 查阅:refer to the manual、refer to my notes — 查看
- 转介:her doctor referred her to a specialist — 送到另一资源
- 适用:the term refers to ancient Greek texts — 指代
- 重音:re-FER(动词,重音在第二音节)
- 句式:refer to 是最常见搭配;refer 直接带宾语少见,除了 refer a patient(转介病人)
例句
- 1.
Please refer to page 47 for the diagram.
请查阅第 47 页的图表。
- 2.
She refused to refer to the incident.
她拒绝提及那件事。
- 3.
My doctor referred me to a cardiologist.
我的医生把我转介给心脏专科医生。
- 4.
The term "Sino-" refers to China.
词缀 Sino- 指代中国。
易混词辨析
refer 与 mention:都可表示提到,但 refer 暗示指回某话题或来源(as I referred to earlier,正如我之前提到的),mention 暗示简短的、可能初次的提及(he mentioned his trip in passing,他顺便提到他的旅行)。refer 假设语境存在;mention 引出新信息。