responsible
释义
Having a duty to deal with something or take care of someone; in charge.
负责的;有责任照管……的;主管的。
Being the cause of something (often something bad).
(常指坏事)成为……起因的,应承担过错的。
Sensible, trustworthy, and able to be relied on.
可靠的,有责任心的,靠得住的。
词根拆分
词根派生re-(回)+ spons(承诺、应答)+ -ible(能……的)= 「能作答的」。responsible 的人,就是出事时能被叫来「为之交代」的那个人——拉丁语动词 respondēre 意为「回答」。responsible for 某事=要为它作答;responsible to 某人=要向其汇报、交代。
词根 spons 还连着 6 个词使用指南
两种结构含义不同:responsible for 某事=负责该事/是其起因;responsible to 某人=在层级上向其负责、要向其交代。别混用:你 responsible for 一个项目,但 responsible to 你的经理。
例句
- 1.
She is responsible for training all the new staff.
她负责培训所有新员工。
- 2.
A faulty wire was responsible for the fire.
一根故障电线是这场火灾的起因。
- 3.
He's a responsible young man who always keeps his word.
他是个有责任心的年轻人,总是信守承诺。
- 4.
Managers are directly responsible to the board.
经理们直接对董事会负责。
易混词辨析
responsible 和 accountable:都表示「要负责、要交代」,但 accountable 更强、更正式——它强调你要承担后果、必须给出说明。日常许多事务可以 responsible;当结果被审视追责时则用 accountable。