rule
释义
An accepted principle or instruction that states what is allowed or required
规则；规定；准则
Control or government over a country or people
统治；管辖
A strip of wood, metal, or plastic with measurements, used for drawing straight lines or measuring; a ruler
尺；直尺
To govern or have control over a country or people
统治；管辖
To make an official decision, especially in a court of law
裁定；裁决
词根拆分
词根派生rule 是拉丁语 rēgula（直量尺）磨损后的英语形式，rēgula 来自 regere「引导使直、治理」。因为 regere 既指「弄直」又指「治理国家」，这个英语词便兼具两义：rule 是要遵守的准则，to rule 是治理。字面义保留在木匠的 rule（量尺）里。
词根 regul 还连着 9 个词使用指南
- rule（名）= 规则：break/follow the rules，against the rules。
- rule（名）= 统治：under British rule，military rule——此义不可数。
- rule（动）= 统治：a king rules；可不及物（rule over）或及物（rule the country）。
- rule（动）= 正式裁定：the court ruled，rule in favor of，rule something out（= 排除）。
- 常见习语：as a rule（通常）、rule of thumb（经验法则）、the exception that proves the rule。
例句
- 1.
You can't change the rules in the middle of the game.
比赛进行到一半，你不能改规则。
- 2.
Read the safety rules carefully before using the machine.
使用机器前请仔细阅读安全守则。
- 3.
For nearly two centuries the islands were under colonial rule.
这些岛屿在近两个世纪里处于殖民统治之下。
- 4.
The queen ruled the country for over fifty years.
女王统治这个国家超过五十年。
- 5.
The judge ruled that the evidence was not admissible.
法官裁定这项证据不予采纳。
易混词辨析
rule / law / regulation — law 由政府制定，全国具法律约束力。regulation 是依据 law 颁布的细则，通常由某机构发布。rule 最宽泛、最日常——可以是游戏规则、家规、公司规定，无需任何法律权威。下棋是 break the rules，不是 break the laws。