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  3. /gen

gen

Latin

Variants

gengenegn

Related Roots

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About This Root

From Latin genus (birth, race, kind) and Greek genos. One of the most productive roots in English, spanning genetics (gene, genetic, transgenic), creation (genesis, generate), classification (genre, genus), and destruction by kind (genocide). The gn- variant appears in cognate and benign. Prefixes and suffixes endlessly extend this root: carcinogen, androgen, autogenous.

Associated Words

allergen

A substance that triggers an allergic reaction

C2

androgen

A male sex hormone that promotes masculine characteristics

C2

androgenetic

Relating to androgens or androgenesis

C2

anti-carcinogenic

Preventing or inhibiting cancer

autogenic

Originating or produced within itself

B2

autogenous

Produced independently without external influence

B2

benign

Gentle and harmless; not dangerous to health

TOEFLGREC1

benignly

In a gentle or kindly manner

C1

carcinogen

A substance that can cause cancer

GREC2

carcinogenesis

The process of cancer cell formation

C2

carcinogenic

Causing or tending to cause cancer

C2

cognate

Related by origin; a word sharing the same linguistic root

GREC2

congenial

Having similar tastes or character; pleasant and suited to one's needs

TOEFLGREB2

congeniality

The quality of being pleasant and friendly

B2

congenital

Present from birth, as a disease or condition

TOEFLGREC1

create

To bring into existence; (sometimes in particular:); Created, resulting from creation

NGSL 1kIELTSA2

cross-generational

Involving or shared between different generations; 跨代的

cryogenic

Relating to or involving very low temperatures

GREC2

degeneracy

A decline in moral or physical qualities; depravity

C1

degenerate

To decline in quality or morals; morally corrupt; a corrupt person

IELTSTOEFLC1

degeneration

The process of declining to a worse or lower state

C1

degenerative

Causing or marked by progressive deterioration

B2

disingenuous

Not honest or sincere; pretending innocence while having hidden motives

C2

disingenuously

In a dishonest or insincere manner

C2

disingenuousness

The quality of being insincere or dishonest while appearing candid

C2

engender

To cause or give rise to a feeling or situation

TOEFLGREC2

engine

A machine that converts energy into motion; a locomotive

NGSL 2kIELTSB1

engineer

A person who designs or builds technical systems; to design or arrange something

NGSL 2kIELTSA1

engineering

The application of science to design and build structures or systems; to design or arrange skillfully

IELTSB1

eugenic

Relating to eugenics or improvement of genetic qualities in offspring

GREC2

first-generation

Of the first immigrant generation or earliest version of a product

gender

A person's identity as male, female, or other; grammatical gender

NGSL 3kIELTSA2

gender-based

Related to or determined by gender

gender-biased

Showing prejudice based on gender

gender-equity

Fairness and equal treatment regardless of gender

gender-free

Not restricted to or defined by any gender

gendered

Associated with or divided by gender

A2

genderless

Having no gender

C2

gene

A unit of heredity that determines inherited traits

NGSL 2kIELTSGRE

gene-based

Based on or involving genes

genealogy

The study of family histories and lineages; a family tree

GREC2

general

affecting most people; not specific; a high-ranking military officer

NGSL 1kIELTSTOEFL

general-interest

Appeal to a broad, general audience

general-purpose

Suitable for many different uses

generalist

A person with broad knowledge across many fields

B2

generality

A broad or vague statement; the quality of being general

GREB1

generalization

A broad conclusion drawn from specific cases; the act of generalizing

TOEFLB2

generalize

To draw broad conclusions from specific cases; to speak in general terms

IELTSTOEFLGRE

generally

in most cases; without being specific

NGSL 1kTOEFLB1

generate

To bring into existence; to produce

NGSL 2kIELTSTOEFL

generation

all people born in the same period; the act of producing something

NGSL 1kGREA2

generative

Having the power to produce or create

B2

generator

A machine that produces electricity; something that originates or produces

GREB1

generic

Relating to a broad class; not specific or branded; a product without a brand name

IELTSGREB2

generosity

The quality of giving freely and willingly; liberality

GREB2

generous

Willing to give freely; kind and magnanimous; larger than expected

IELTSTOEFLB1

generously

In a giving or liberal manner

B2

genesis

The origin or beginning of something

TOEFLGREB1

genetic

Relating to genes or heredity

NGSL 3kIELTSTOEFL

genetically

In a way that relates to genes or genetics

TOEFLB1

geneticist

A scientist who specializes in genetics

C2

genetics

The branch of biology dealing with heredity and inherited characteristics

TOEFLGREB1

genial

Friendly, cheerful, and good-natured

IELTSTOEFLGRE

geniality

Warm, friendly cheerfulness

B2

genially

In a warm and friendly manner

B2

genius

A person of exceptional intelligence; extraordinary creative ability

IELTSTOEFLB2

genocidal

Relating to or constituting genocide

C2

genocide

The deliberate mass destruction of an ethnic or national group

C1

genome

The complete set of genetic information of an organism

GREC1

genre

A category or style of literature, film, or other art forms

TOEFLGREB2

genteel

Polite and well-mannered; affectedly refined or respectable

TOEFLGREC2

gentility

The quality of being refined and well-bred; the upper classes

TOEFLC2

gentle

Mild, kind, and calm; not rough or harsh

NGSL 3kIELTSTOEFL

gentleman

A well-mannered, honorable man; a polite term for any man

NGSL 2kB1

gentlemanliness

The quality of behaving like a gentleman

C2

gentlemanly

Polite and honorable, befitting a gentleman

B1

gentleness

The quality of being mild and kind

C2

gently

In a mild, soft, or careful manner

NGSL 3kB2

gentry

People of high social standing, just below the nobility

TOEFLGREC1

genuine

Real, not fake; sincere and honest

NGSL 3kIELTSTOEFL

genuinely

In a sincere or authentic manner; truly

B2

genuineness

The quality of being authentic or sincere

C2

genus

A biological classification ranking below family and above species

TOEFLGREC2

german

Having the same parents; a close blood relative

IELTSA1

germane

Relevant and appropriate to the topic being discussed

TOEFLGREA1

heterogeneous

Composed of diverse or unlike elements

TOEFLGREC1

homogeneity

The state of being uniform or consistent throughout; 同质性,均一性

GREC2

homogeneous

Of the same kind; uniform in composition; 同质的,同类的

IELTSTOEFLGRE

homogeneously

In a uniform or consistent manner

C2

homogenize

To make uniform or blend into a consistent mixture; 使均匀,使同质化

TOEFLGREC2

hydrogen

The lightest chemical element (symbol H); a colourless flammable gas; 氢,氢元素

IELTSTOEFLA2

impregnate

To make pregnant; to saturate or infuse thoroughly

C2

impregnation

The act of fertilizing or saturating thoroughly

C2

income-generating

Producing or capable of producing income

indigenization

The process of adapting to local culture or developing local capacity

indigenize

To adapt to local or indigenous culture

indigenous

Native to a particular region; originating locally

IELTSTOEFLGRE

ingenious

Cleverly inventive and original

IELTSTOEFLGRE

ingeniously

In a clever and inventive manner

TOEFLC2

ingenuity

The ability to solve problems in clever and inventive ways

GREC1

ingenuous

Naive, innocent, and trusting

GREC2

ingenuously

In an open, honest, and straightforward manner

C2

ingenuousness

The quality of being open, honest, and straightforward

C2

intergenerational

Involving or occurring between different generations

C2

low-oxygen

Containing a reduced level of oxygen

malign

To slander someone; evil or harmful in nature

TOEFLGREC2

malignancy

A cancerous growth; the quality of being malignant

C2

malignant

Harmful and dangerous; (of a tumour) life-threatening and uncontrolled

IELTSTOEFLGRE

miscegenation

The mixing of different racial groups through marriage or reproduction

C2

much-maligned

Widely and often unfairly criticized

new-generation

Of the latest or most advanced version or group

next-generation

Relating to the next stage of development or technology

nitrogen

A colorless, odorless gas making up most of the atmosphere

IELTSTOEFLA2

non-genetic

Not caused by or related to genes or heredity

non-indigenous

Not native to a particular region

non-pregnant

Not pregnant

oxygen

A colorless, odorless gas essential for life, making up 21% of the atmosphere

TOEFLB1

oxygen-poor

Containing low levels of oxygen

oxygen-rich

Containing high levels of oxygen

oxygen-starved

Severely lacking in oxygen

pathogen

A microorganism such as a bacterium or virus that causes disease

TOEFLGREC2

pre-pregnancy

The period or condition before pregnancy

pregnancy

The condition of carrying a developing baby in the womb; 怀孕;妊娠

NGSL 3kB1

pregnant

Carrying a developing baby; full of meaning or significance

NGSL 3kIELTSTOEFL

primogenitor

The earliest ancestor of a family or people

procreate

To produce offspring; to reproduce

GREC2

progenitor

A direct ancestor or originator; 祖先,始祖

TOEFLGREC2

progeny

Offspring or descendants as a group; 子孙,后代

TOEFLGREC1

psychogenic

Having a psychological rather than physical origin; 心因性的,由心理因素引起的

C2

regenerate

To grow again or revitalize; spiritually or physically renewed

TOEFLB1

regeneration

The process of renewal, rebuilding, or regrowth

IELTSTOEFLB1

regenerative

Tending to regenerate or promote renewal

B1

revenue-generating

Capable of producing income or revenue

second-generation

Of the second generation, especially children of immigrants

single-gender

Involving or restricted to only one gender

transgendered

Relating to a person whose gender identity differs from their birth sex

transgene

A gene transferred from one species into another organism's genome

transgenic

Relating to an organism genetically modified with a gene from another species

uncongenial

Not compatible or pleasant; unsuitable to one's tastes

C2

ungenerous

Not generous; stingy and lacking magnanimity

C2

ungentlemanly

Not behaving as a gentleman; impolite or unchivalrous

B1

unregenerate

Stubbornly refusing to reform morally; unrepentant

GREB1