TOEFL 頻出英単語

Not yet used or drawn upon

未開発の、未利用の

A grotesque misrepresentation or poor imitation; to parody something

ひどい歪曲、茶番；パロディー化する

An animal without a backbone; lacking a backbone

無脊椎動物；無脊椎の

To develop or exploit something primarily for financial profit

商業化する、商品化する

Exposed to and shaped by strong winds

吹きさらしの；風で乱れた

An assumption or belief held without firm evidence; a conjecture

推測、仮定

The level or concentration of salt in a solution

塩分濃度、塩度

A container for storing things; the base of a flower where petals attach

容器、入れ物；花托

A buzzing sound of rapid motion; to move with such a sound

ブーンという音；ブーンと回る

An animal with a backbone; having a backbone

脊椎動物；脊椎のある

Allowing great freedom; lenient and not strict in discipline

寛大な、甘い、放任的な

A person practicing strict self-denial; characterized by severe self-discipline and abstinence

苦行者；禁欲的な

A skilled and eloquent public speaker

演説者、雄弁家

Natural light display in the sky (aurora borealis/australis); Roman goddess of dawn

オーロラ；（ローマ神話の）曙の女神

To drive back or repel; to cause disgust; a rejection

撃退する；不快にさせる；拒絶

Unwillingness to speak or share information; reserve

無口、寡黙；控えめ

Smelling of fish; suspicious or doubtful

魚臭い；怪しい、うさんくさい

Relating to or existing as gas

気体の、ガス状の

Cunning and dishonest; roundabout

ずるい、不正直な；遠回りの

Without careful distinction or selection; randomly

無差別に、見境なく

To drag feet or scrape a surface (v.); a scratch or scrape mark (n.)

足を引きずって歩く；すり減らす；すり傷

The study of form and structure, especially in biology or linguistics

形態学；語形論

Feeling great joy and triumph

歓喜した、大喜びの

To border on or be adjacent to something

隣接する、接する

A change in shape or form, especially due to stress

変形、ゆがみ

Wood floating on or washed ashore by water

流木

The wearing away of a surface by friction; a scraped area on skin

摩耗、すり減り；擦り傷

A decorative addition or ornamental detail

装飾；（話の）粉飾、誇張

Of enormous size or power; colossal

巨大な、強大な

To mildly rebuke someone; an expression of criticism or shame

非難する、とがめる；非難、恥

The quality of being extremely large or wide in extent

広大さ、巨大さ

An exact copy or reproduction; to send by fax

複製、模写；ファクス

To expand or widen; to speak at length

広がる、膨張させる；詳しく述べる

Copying another's work and presenting it as one's own

盗作、剽窃

Highly pleasing or delicious; something delightful

とてもおいしい；楽しい、快い

To chop or cut with an axe; to shape by cutting

（斧で）切る、たたき切る；切って形作る

Land left unplanted for a season; inactive or undeveloped

休閑地；休耕中の；活動していない

The quality of being stubborn

頑固さ、強情

A large insect with a long body and transparent wings

トンボ

Rudely brief or abrupt in speech

そっけない、ぶっきらぼうな

Able to be shaped without breaking; easily influenced

打ち延ばせる、可鍛性の；影響されやすい、柔軟な

To be a sign or omen that something bad is about to happen

前兆となる、予示する

Scornfully mocking and cynical

冷笑的な、あざけるような

To show or demonstrate clearly

（感情・性質を）はっきり示す

Resembling rubber in texture; flexible and elastic

ゴムのような、弾力のある

A person who tends and drives a herd of animals

牧夫、家畜の番人

Able to burn or corrode tissue; sharply sarcastic

腐食性の；痛烈な、辛辣な

People of high social standing, just below the nobility

紳士階級、上流の人々