TOEFL 頻出英単語

A close group of similar things; to gather together

房、群れ；群がる、集まる

Relying on another for support; a person financially supported by another

依存している；扶養家族

A brief rainfall; a device for bathing with sprayed water; to give abundantly

にわか雨；シャワー；どっさり与える

To represent or portray something in words or images

描く、描写する

A person who operates a device or service; a telephone assistant; a mathematical symbol

操作者、オペレーター；電話交換手；演算子

To fall down or fail suddenly; a sudden breakdown or failure

崩れる、倒壊する；崩壊、破綻

A humorous play or film with a happy ending

喜劇、コメディー

Official approval; a penalty imposed to enforce compliance; to authorize or penalize

制裁；認可、承認；認可する

A person not in the military or police; relating to ordinary citizens

民間人、一般市民；民間の

The natural environment where an organism lives

生息地

Seeds of cereal crops; a small particle; texture or pattern in wood

穀物、穀粒；粒；木目

The state of being aware of oneself and one's surroundings

意識、自覚

To give one's time or energy entirely to a purpose or person

捧げる、専念する

An administrative division of a country; an area of responsibility or expertise

州、省；分野、領域

To grab firmly; to take by force; to take advantage of

つかむ；奪う、押収する；とらえる

The study of right and wrong conduct; moral standards

倫理学；倫理、道徳

Official consent or authorization to do something

許可

The highest point of a mountain; a high-level meeting between heads of government

頂上；首脳会談、サミット

Having exceptional natural talent; to give as a gift

才能に恵まれた

A sour chemical substance with pH below 7; sharp or biting in taste or tone

酸；酸性の；辛辣な

The probability of something happening; betting ratio

見込み、可能性；賭け率、オッズ

The feeling of annoyance when unable to achieve something; an obstacle to one's plans

欲求不満、いらだち；挫折

a means or channel; intermediate size; average

媒体、手段；中間の、中くらいの

Land along the edge of a body of water; to prop up or support

岸、海岸；支える

To recognize differences; to stand out from others

区別する、見分ける；際立たせる

Either of the two organs in the chest used for breathing

肺

Formal speech or writing on a subject; to discuss at length

講演、論述；談話

Clearly different or separate; easy to perceive

明確な；まったく異なる

Causing admiration or respect; having a strong positive effect

印象的な、見事な

Fine dry particles; to grind into fine particles or apply powder

粉、粉末；火薬；粉にする；おしろいをつける

To paint or draw a likeness; to represent or describe in a particular way

描く；表現する、演じる

Not extreme or excessive; to reduce intensity; a person with moderate views

適度な、穏健な；和らげる；穏健派

To convince someone to do or believe something through reasoning

説得する；納得させる

Coming or happening after something else

その後の、続いて起こる

Happening often; to visit a place regularly

頻繁な、よくある；よく訪れる

An official prohibition; to officially forbid something

禁止する；禁止令

To regard with respect, pleasure, or approval

感嘆する、称賛する；見とれる

An animal kept as a companion; to stroke affectionately; favourite

ペット；なでる；お気に入りの

An extraordinary event attributed to supernatural power; a remarkable fortunate occurrence

奇跡

A regular pattern of beats or sounds in music or speech

リズム、律動；韻律

To be greater than or go beyond a limit or standard

超える、上回る

Found or distributed over a large area; affecting many people or places

広範囲に及ぶ、普及した

A violation of divine or moral law; to commit such an act

罪、罪悪；罪を犯す

An organization helping those in need; money or goods given to the poor; generosity

慈善団体；慈善、施し；思いやり

The act of identifying; proof of who someone is

識別、確認；身分証明（書）

A dramatic change in form, appearance, or character

変化、変容；改革

To dare to do something risky; a risky or daring undertaking

思い切って〜する；冒険的事業

A military attack on another country; an unwanted intrusion

侵略、侵攻；侵害