TOEFL 頻出英単語

The process of adjusting to new conditions; a reworked version of a creative work

適応、順応；脚色、翻案作品

Vivid descriptive language or mental pictures; visual images

比喩的表現、イメージ；画像

A solemn promise; to make such a promise

誓約、公約；誓う、約束する

To transmit disease to someone; to spread a feeling or influence

感染させる；（感情などを）伝染させる

Directed towards the back; in reverse; slow to develop or progress

後方への、逆の；遅れた；後ろへ

A desire to eat; any strong craving or longing

食欲；欲求、強い願望

A system of ranking people or things by authority or importance

階層制、ヒエラルキー

The process of rebuilding something; a recreation of a past event

再建、復興；再現、復元

Showing sympathy, compassion, or approval

同情的な、思いやりのある；共感する、好意的な

Unfriendly or aggressive feelings or behavior; armed conflict

敵意；敵対行為、戦闘

For a limited period of time; not permanently

一時的に、仮に

A person who watches an event without taking part

観客、見物人

An icy celestial body with a glowing tail, orbiting the Sun

彗星、ほうき星

To lose blood from a wound; to extort money from someone

出血する；（金を）搾り取る

To be unable to breathe; to block a passage; a device controlling air intake

窒息する、むせる；ふさぐ；チョーク（弁）

A group performing together; a coordinated set forming a whole

合奏団、アンサンブル；全体、一式

A chemical used to kill harmful insects or pests

殺虫剤、農薬

A representative of others; to assign tasks or authority to someone

代表者；（権限・仕事を）委任する

The act of keeping something safe from harm or decay

保存、保護

Turning around a centre or axis; a regular alternation of duties

回転、自転；交替、輪番

Careful to avoid danger or mistakes

用心深い、慎重な

To shake involuntarily from fear or cold; a quiver or vibration

震える；震え

Priced low enough for most people to buy; reasonably priced

手頃な価格の、購入可能な

An unreasonable hostile opinion toward a group; to cause bias or harm

偏見、先入観；偏見を抱かせる；損なう

To officially appoint or select for a purpose; appointed but not yet in office

指名する、指定する；指名されたが未就任の

A group with extreme devotion to a leader or belief; a cult following

カルト；熱狂的崇拝；一部で熱狂的な

An intense feeling of dislike or hostility

憎しみ、憎悪

A straight line through the centre of a circle; its length

直径

To join or recruit into the military or a cause; to obtain the help or support of someone

入隊する、（兵を）募集する；（人の協力・支持を）取りつける

Very serious or severe; sharp and perceptive; (of illness) sudden and intense

深刻な、厳しい；鋭い、鋭敏な；急性の

A person or thing that came before another in a role or sequence

前任者；前身、先行機種

To persuade someone to do something; to cause or bring about

説得して〜させる；引き起こす、誘発する

Young or immature; a young person below the age of legal responsibility

少年の、未成年の；子どもっぽい；未成年者

Especially; in particular

特に、とりわけ；著しく

To show a mutual relationship between things; a related counterpart

相互に関連させる、相関する；相関物

To stop or cause to stop; a pause in movement

止まる、止める；停止

Refusing to give up; continuing over a long period

粘り強い、しつこい；持続的な

A person devoted to improving human welfare; relating to humanitarianism

人道主義者；人道的な

Banishment from one's home country; to banish someone

追放、亡命；亡命者；追放する

A group of singers; the repeated part of a song; to say or sing together

合唱団；（歌の）サビ、コーラス；声をそろえて言う

A loud deep sound; to make such a sound

ほえる、とどろく；うなり声、轟音

Relating to architecture or building design

建築の、建築学の

Funny or relating to comedy; a comedian or comic book

喜劇の、滑稽な；コメディアン；漫画

To return to life or activity; to restore something

生き返らせる、復活させる；回復する

An ornamental water feature shooting jets of water; a natural spring

噴水；泉

Having a sharp acidic taste; to become rancid or unpleasant

すっぱい；気難しい；悪くなる

At serious risk of harm or extinction

絶滅の危機に瀕した

To live in a place permanently or for a long time

住む、居住する；（性質などが）存在する