学术词汇表 (AWL)

Only; single and exclusive; the bottom of a foot or shoe

唯一的；脚底；鞋底

A product or raw material bought and sold in trade

商品，货物，大宗贸易品

To carry people or goods from place to place; a system or vehicle for doing so

运输；交通工具

A period of time or space between two events or points

间隔；间歇；距离

Large size or volume; the greater part of something; large in quantity

体积，大小；大部分；大批的，大量的

Done freely by choice, without being forced; working without payment

自愿的；志愿的；自发的

Logically sound; legally acceptable; well-founded

有效的，有根据的，合法的

A sphere; the Earth; a spherical model of the Earth

球体；地球；地球仪

Clearly and directly expressed; leaving nothing implied

明确的，清楚的，直白的

To send or pass something from one person or place to another

传输；传播；发射

To organize activities to work together; a number indicating position in space

协调，统筹；坐标

The movement of people or goods; a public transportation system

运输；过境；公共交通

To state something clearly and in detail

明确说明；详细指定

A school for higher or specialized learning; a society promoting arts or sciences

学院，学会

A brief statement of main points; concise and done without full procedure

摘要；概要；简短的；即决的

Existing as a natural and permanent part of something

固有的；内在的

Done by hand rather than machine; a handbook of instructions

手动的，手工的；手册，说明书

In or to a foreign country across the sea

在海外，国外的

To pull or draw out; a concentrated substance or quoted passage

提取，取出；提取物，摘录

To examine carefully or officially

检查，检验，视察

To pay or reward someone; to make up for something negative

补偿，赔偿；付报酬

To make something clearer or easier to understand

阐明；澄清

To gather or increase gradually in quantity

积累，积聚，堆积

To step in and become involved in order to change or prevent something

干预，介入；阻止

Fully grown or developed; to become ripe or complete

成熟的；发育完全的；成熟

Something added to improve or complete; to add to something

补充物；增补；附录

A model or pattern; a conceptual framework for a field of study

范例，典范；范式

A system of ranking people or things by authority or importance

等级制度，层级体系

To persuade someone to do something; to cause or bring about

诱导，劝使；引起，导致

To live in a place permanently or for a long time

居住，定居

Based on observation or experiment rather than theory

经验的，以实验或观察为依据的

To gather information from various sources; to translate source code into machine code

编辑，汇编；（计算机）编译

To achieve or reach a goal through effort

达到，实现，获得

To restrict within limits; a boundary or border

限制，约束；边界，范围

A variable or factor that defines or limits a system or experiment

参数，参量；限定因素

To call upon for help; to cite as authority or justification

祈求；援引；诉诸

To be similar or equivalent to something; to exchange letters regularly

符合，相当；通信

The length of time something lasts

持续时间，期间

A person who takes over a role or title from another

继承者；继任者

Stiff and unable to bend; inflexible in opinions or rules

坚硬的，刚性的；严格的，刻板的

Opposite in nature; the exact opposite; in opposition

相反的；对立的；相反地

To come before in time, order, or rank

在…之前，先于；领先

A replacement for someone or something; to use in place of another

替代品；替代者；替代

Not taking action; accepting without resistance; the grammatical passive voice

消极的，被动的；（语法）被动语态

To suppose something is true without proof; to act without permission

假定，推测；擅自行事

To review and improve written material; to study again for an exam

修订；复习

Extending in the same direction at equal distance; a corresponding similarity

平行的；相似的；平行线

The rate or frequency of occurrence of something

发生率，发生频率